The Industrial Revolution, which started in the 18th century, affected our lives in many ways. With the industrial revolution, colonialism became widespread, socialism began to emerge and scientific developments gained importance. The most affected event from these changes was population growth. In today’s article, I would like to discuss the concept of the population with you.
The population is a term that we use to indicate the number of people which also means the number of people living in a region who gives us information about the population. The population is determined by census and also gives us detailed information about the people living in that area. Population censuses can be done for different purposes. For example, we can give the determination of rural-urban population, the determination of literacy rates. The first modern census was conducted in Sweden in 1749. The first census in the Ottoman Empire occurred in the period of Mahmut II and It occurred in the Republic of Turkey in 1927. While the main purpose of the first censuses was related to military service, today the censuses are carried out in technologically, equal conditions.
Population growth means an increase in the number of people living in an area. The population is increasing for various reasons and decreasing in the same way. The population is increasing due to immigration of the country, increase in birth rates, development of transportation, and workforce. This increase can have both positive and negative consequences. While the increase in production, taking more taxes due to the increase in people, opening new jobs, increase in exports, cheap labor force are positive results, increase in unemployment, decrease in the rate of development, increase in consumption, and flow of services can be given as examples of negative consequences.
Overpopulation can affect people’s welfare levels positively or negatively. When the population increases, the economic problems in the country will decrease as people will work more. The cheapening of the labor force will increase employment in the country and offer new working opportunities to people. In this case, it would not be surprising to observe an increase in the welfare level of the country. However, with the increase in population, states will be in a difficult situation to meet the needs of the people, and class differences between people will emerge. At the same time, the atmosphere of chaos in society will affect people. The environment will be destroyed to open new residential areas. In this case, there will be decreases in the level of welfare.
In conclusion, the population is an eternal concept with people and the factor that is effective in its change is people. If the population is planned well, the welfare levels will be high, and if it is planned incorrectly, it will cause other problems…